Medical scientist and physiologist Étienne-Jules MAREY progressed from
explaining the movement of animals in graphs to elucidating movement
through the use of photographs. In 1882 he developed a shutter mechanism
which made it possible to take a dozen photos per second, and invented
a photographic “gun.” He also devised chronophotography, which used
multiple photographic exposures to record successive movements as multiple
images on dry plates and film. Marey persistently documented the movement
of living things, and succeeded in capturing multi-layered time in a single
photo. His inquiries paved the way for the invention of film equipment.

Title Unknown (Throwing Man), c.1890 / Lantern slide /
Collection of Tokyo Photographic Art Museum